1. Can India make transition to electrical vehicles?
It does not take the brightest mind in the world to conclude that 14 major cities in India are listed among top 20 most polluted cities in the world according to World Health Organisation report.
According to Ministry of environment forest and climate change, magnitude of carbon emission till 2010 by transportation sector is nearly 188 metric ton, and 87% is contributed by road transport.
Petrol planning and analysis cell estimated the transportation sector commands the demand of 100% and 70% of petrol and diesel that creating huge dent on Indian financial resources
Therefore it's high time to pave the way for implementing alternative Technologies like electric vehicle as Road Transport sector is contributing heavily in escalating oil imports as well as pollution levels.
Advantages of electrical vehicles
Transition to electrical vehicles from traditional vehicles is like killing two birds with one stone.
1. It resolves problems of oil imports
2. It minimise pollution level
---The energy efficiency in electrical vehicles is 32 3.5 times more than conventional vehicles
---The emission profile of electric vehicles is much lower or negligible compared to traditional vehicles
The high demand for buying vehicles from people of India and huge natural resource potential makes easier in transition to electrical vehicles from conventional vehicles.However there are some issues and challenges that India need to address to trap the huge potential in electrical vehicle sector.
Fundamental issues that needs to taken care of
1. Coordination among various stakeholders
---Electric vehicles unlike traditional vehicles required environment of centre, state and international stakeholders respectively.
--- To develop electric vehicles coordination among various Ministries like road and transport new energy and renewable energy, Urban and Housing and external affairs along with environment of various Institutions like TERI,BEE,NITIAYOG ect
---A proper coordination and consensus among various stakeholders would speedup the process and address the technical and policy issues in electric vehicle promotion
2. Electric vehicles battery production
--- India is in nascent stage in production of batteries India currently don't manufacture Lithium ion batteries and is heavily dependent on China
---Lithium ion as important component for electric vehicles and manufacturing electric battery should become a component in make in India
---Providing incentives to private sector and Research institutes that doing research in battery Technologies ,as many countries like China US Japan have develop their own better Technologies
3. Charging infrastructure
--- The entire electric vehicle Chain and creating demand over electric vehicles depends on good and feasible charging infrastructure
---Building charging infrastructure need huge investment there for participation of private players and giving tax incentive to them would help to develop efficient charging infrastructure
--- Indian government should develop a standardized method and formulate clear rules and regulations to develop safer and cheaper charging infrastructure.
4. devising best mode for penetration of electric vehicles
---Every country have their own and different approach for electric vehicle penetration
---China focus more on electric public transport for electric vehicle penetration
---Norway and Netherlands focused in developing charging infrastructure and now they are the major exporters of charging infrastructure
---India as a major exports of two wheelers and auto rickshaws it should device their own strategies to penetrate electric vehicles successfully.
5.Jobs and economic impact
---India is largest producer of motor vehicles and automobile sector is providing nearly 3crore direct and indirect job opportunities
---electric vehicles as potential to district mobility ecosystem therefore a proper study should be conducted on how to implement electric vehicles and what impact it creates on mobility ecosystem should be carefully understood by policy makers.
Government initiatives to promote electric vehicles
1.National electric mobility mission plan :launched in 2013 with aim to achieve fuel security by promoting hybrid and electric vehicles in the country
2.Faster adoption and manufacturing of electric vehicles: launched in 2015 to develop electric manufacturing ecosystem focusing on technology development demand creation pilot projects and charging infrastructure
3.Bharat stage protocol for charging was formed to build Framework for charging infrastructure
4.collaboration of Bharat Heavy Electrical limited with LIBCON Consortium to construct India's first lithium Ion battery gigafactory and planning to build one gigawatts plant.
5.Niti Aayog seeking proposals from States to establish plans and to provide duty Weavers and exemptions and reduction in GST in this Karnataka state is a step ahead and came up with electrical vehicle and energy storage policy 2017.
From discovering fire to inventions of steam engine and electricity ,world societies have come so far in adopting the constant changes in Technologies
India within 70 years of Independence has shown a great progress by adopting Technologies and using those technologies to its own advantage and it is not new to it. Therefore now it is time for adopting clean our Technologies by focusing on building enabling business environment that support Research and innovation. Sustainable environment ,cleaners air and water is the only best gift we can give to our future generations and this can only happen by constantly adapting cleaner Technologies and by formulating environment sustainable policies.
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